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Related Concept Videos

Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

399
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
399
Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

Borderline Personality Disorder

373
Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
373
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

366
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
366

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Related Experiment Videos

Suicide Behavior Following PHQ-9 Screening Among Individuals With Substance Use Disorders.

Bobbi Jo H Yarborough1, Scott P Stumbo, Brian Ahmedani

  • 1Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, Portland, OR (BJHY, SPS); Henry Ford Health System, Center for Health Services Research, Detroit, MI (BA); Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (RR); Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Department of Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, CA (KC); Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Institute for Health Research, Denver, CO (JMB); Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA (GES).

Journal of Addiction Medicine
|July 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Screening for suicidal ideation in patients with substance use disorders (SUD) is crucial. Even a "not at all" response on the PHQ-9 does not guarantee safety, as suicide attempts can still occur.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) face elevated suicide risks.
  • Routinely administered suicidal ideation screeners' accuracy in identifying SUD outpatients at risk for suicide attempts or death has not been extensively studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if responses to item 9 of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), assessing thoughts of death and self-harm, are associated with subsequent suicide outcomes in outpatients with SUD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from over 186,000 visits by 55,000+ patients with mental health and SUD diagnoses across 7 health systems.
  • Generalized estimating equations were used to compute odds of suicide attempt or death following an outpatient visit.

Main Results:

  • A nearly 5-fold increased risk of suicide attempt within 90 days was observed for patients reporting "nearly every day" compared to "not at all" (4.9% vs 1.1%).
  • A significant proportion of suicide attempts (46%) occurred in patients who initially responded "not at all" to the PHQ-9 item 9.
  • Even after adjustment, reporting "nearly every day" remained associated with significantly higher odds of suicide attempt (AOR=3.24) and suicide death (AOR=5.67) within 90 days.

Conclusions:

  • Increasingly frequent responses on PHQ-9 item 9 predict higher risk of suicidal behavior in individuals with SUD, warranting intervention.
  • Clinicians must recognize that a "not at all" response does not eliminate suicide risk in this population.