[Advances in the study of cellular immunotherapy for liver cancer]

Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and currently ranks the fourth in morbidity rate and the second in mortality rate in China. At present, the main clinical treatmentmethod is surgical treatment and other treatments, such as interventional therapy, local radiotherapy and chemotherapy, serve as supplementary treatment methods. However, due to the occult incidence of liver cancer, most patients have entered the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and lack effective treatment methods, resulting in low overall survival rate, high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Immunotherapy, especially cellular immunotherapy, as an emerging cancer treatment method, can directly kill tumor cells or stimulate the anti-tumor immune response by isolating and activating immune effector cells. Common methods include chimeric antigen receptor T cells, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and cytokine-induced killer cells, etc. Recently, cellular immunotherapy has become a research hotspot because it can enhance the immune function, reduce the recurrence rate and prolong the survival time of patients. This article reviews the advances in the study of cellular immunotherapy in the clinical application of liver cancer.