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Related Concept Videos

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

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The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
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Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
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Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

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The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
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Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

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Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
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Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

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An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
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[Why do we need genetics in cardiac rhythmology?]

Marina Rieder1,2, Alessandro Castiglione1,2, Babken Asatryan1

  • 1Universitätsklinik für Kardiologie, Inselspital, Universitätsspital Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010, Bern, Schweiz.

Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie
|July 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic testing aids in diagnosing and managing arrhythmogenic cardiac diseases like channelopathies and cardiomyopathies. Early identification and genetic insights are crucial for preventing sudden cardiac death in young adults.

Keywords:
Cardiac channelopathiesCardiomyopathiesGene mutationRisk stratificationSudden cardiac death

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Arrhythmogenic cardiac diseases, including channelopathies and cardiomyopathies, stem from genetic alterations.
  • These conditions often lead to malignant arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, particularly in young adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of genetic testing in the diagnosis of cardiac channelopathies and inherited cardiomyopathies.
  • To explore the implications of genetic testing for risk stratification and therapeutic strategies in these patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on genetic testing for cardiac channelopathies and cardiomyopathies.
  • Synthesis of current evidence on genetic testing's impact on clinical management.

Main Results:

  • Genetic testing provides definitive diagnosis for various channelopathies (e.g., long-QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome) and cardiomyopathies (e.g., hypertrophic, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy).
  • Genetic information aids in identifying at-risk individuals, guiding personalized therapy, and improving prognostic accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic testing is integral to the comprehensive management of inherited arrhythmogenic cardiac diseases.
  • Early genetic diagnosis and risk stratification are essential for preventing sudden cardiac death.