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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

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Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Detection of microRNA Expression in Peritoneal Membrane of Rats Using Quantitative Real-time PCR
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Peritoneal fibrosis and epigenetic modulation.

Yi Wang1, Yingfeng Shi1, Min Tao1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China.

Peritoneal Dialysis International : Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis
|July 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Peritoneal fibrosis (PF), a complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), lacks effective treatments. Epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation and noncoding RNAs offer potential therapeutic targets for preventing and treating PF.

Keywords:
DNA methylationepigenetic mechanismshistone modificationsnoncoding RNAsperitoneal fibrosis

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a vital treatment for end-stage renal disease.
  • Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is a common complication of long-term PD, leading to treatment failure.
  • Currently, no effective therapies exist to prevent or delay the progression of PF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of epigenetic modulation in peritoneal fibrosis.
  • To explore the potential of epigenetic therapies for preventing and treating PF.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on epigenetic modifications in PF.
  • Analysis of epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs.
  • Examination of the role of signaling molecules, transcriptional factors, and genes in PF pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs, are implicated in PF.
  • These epigenetic changes involve complex regulatory pathways affecting key molecules and genes.
  • Evidence suggests epigenetic therapies could be a promising clinical strategy for PF.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms play a significant role in the development of peritoneal fibrosis.
  • Targeting these epigenetic modifications presents a potential therapeutic avenue for managing PD complications.
  • Further research into epigenetic therapies may lead to novel treatments for preventing and reversing PF.