Trypophobia: Heart rate, heart rate variability and cortical haemodynamic response

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Neuroscience
• Physiology

Background:

• Trypophobia is a prevalent condition characterized by an aversion to clustered small holes.
• Understanding the physiological underpinnings of trypophobia is crucial for validating diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

• To validate the Trypophobia Questionnaire.
• To investigate the cardiovascular and cortical correlates of trypophobia.
• To explore potential explanations for the disorder.

Main Methods:

• Photo-plethysmography was used to assess cardiovascular responses.
• Near-infrared spectroscopy examined cortical activity.
• Participants completed the Trypophobia Questionnaire.

Main Results:

• Individuals with high Trypophobia Questionnaire scores showed increased heart rate and heart rate variability in response to trypophobic images.
• Significant hemodynamic responses in posterior cortical areas were observed in high-scoring individuals.
• Results suggest involvement of both parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.

Conclusions:

• The Trypophobia Questionnaire is a valid measure.
• Trypophobia involves autonomic system activation and cortical mechanisms, including potential hyperexcitability.
• Findings support a multi-system involvement in trypophobia.