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Nephrotoxicity Associated with Novel Anticancer Agents (Aflibercept, Dasatinib, Nivolumab): Case Series and

Luca Piscitani1, Vittorio Sirolli1, Lorenzo Di Liberato1

  • 1Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Medicine, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Via dei Vestini, 66013 Chieti, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cancer patients frequently develop kidney disease due to oncological treatments. This study details the distinct kidney toxicities of novel cancer therapies like aflibercept, dasatinib, and nivolumab, and discusses management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cancer patients have a high incidence (60%) of kidney disease, often linked to treatment-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • Novel cancer therapies (targeted therapies, immunotherapies) present unique nephrotoxicity profiles distinct from traditional chemotherapy.
  • Understanding these complex mechanisms is crucial for nephrologists collaborating with oncologists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the specific renal toxicities associated with novel anticancer agents.
  • To discuss preventative and management strategies for cancer treatment-related kidney disease.
  • To highlight the importance of nephrologist-oncologist collaboration.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical case presentations of patients treated with novel anticancer agents.
  • Discussion of the differing nephrotoxicity profiles of aflibercept, dasatinib, and nivolumab.
  • Review of current understanding of underlying mechanisms and management approaches.

Main Results:

  • Novel anticancer agents exhibit unique patterns of renal toxicity, differing from conventional chemotherapy.
  • Aflibercept, dasatinib, and nivolumab are associated with specific nephrotoxic effects requiring tailored management.
  • Prompt identification and timely intervention are critical for managing renal adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • Nephrologists must be aware of the diverse renal toxicities posed by modern cancer treatments.
  • Effective management of cancer-related kidney disease necessitates a collaborative approach between oncologists and nephrologists.
  • Further research into the mechanisms of novel agent nephrotoxicity is warranted.
Keywords:
VEGFafliberceptanti-VEGF agentscancerdasatinibimmune checkpoint inhibitorkidneynephrotoxicitynivolumab

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