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Published on: November 5, 2021
Characteristics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and related Therapeutic Options
Boxuan Huang1, Rongsong Ling1, Yifan Cheng1
1Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518052, Guangdong, China.
Insights
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, requires urgent therapeutic drug development due to its high infectivity and mortality. This review explores COVID-19
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Drug Discovery
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe global health crisis caused by SARS-CoV-2.
- The virus is highly infectious, has a prolonged incubation period, and a significant mortality rate.
- Existing treatments are limited, necessitating the urgent development of effective therapeutic drugs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structure, genome, and replication mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2.
- To summarize the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and current treatment strategies for COVID-19.
- To discuss potential molecular targets and drug development approaches for COVID-19 treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of SARS-CoV-2 structure, infection, and replication.
- Compilation of clinical data on COVID-19 symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments.
- Analysis of ongoing drug development strategies and clinical trials for COVID-19 therapeutics and vaccines.
Main Results:
- Detailed overview of SARS-CoV-2 characteristics and its infection pathway.
- Summary of clinical features and diagnostic criteria for COVID-19.
- Exploration of various therapeutic targets and drug development pipelines, including vaccine progress.
Conclusions:
- The urgent need for effective COVID-19 treatments is highlighted.
- Potential therapeutic targets and drug development strategies are identified.
- Insights into clinical trials and vaccine development offer a path forward for managing the pandemic.
Abstract:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new type of pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. COVID-19 is affecting millions of patients, and the infected number keeps increasing. SARS-CoV-2 is highly infectious, has a long incubation period, and causes a relatively high death rate, resulting in severe health problems all over the world. Currently there is no effective proven drug for the treatment of COVID-19; therefore, development of effective therapeutic drugs to suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection is urgently needed. In this review, we first summarize the structure and genome features of SARS-CoV-2 and introduce its infection and replication process. Then, we review the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options of COVID-19 patients. We further discuss the potential molecular targets and drug development strategies for treatment of the emerging COVID-19. Finally, we summarize clinical trials of some potential therapeutic drugs and the results of vaccine development. This review provides some insights for the treatment of COVID-19.
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