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Low-Cost, Air-Processed Quantum Dot Solar Cells via Diffusion-Controlled Synthesis.

Emek G Durmusoglu1, Gurpreet S Selopal1,2, Mahyar Mohammadnezhad1

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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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Summary

We developed a low-cost, ambient-atmosphere synthesis for high-quality lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) using thioacetamide (TAA). This method enables scalable QD production for efficient quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs).

Keywords:
lead sulfidenanoparticlequantum dotsolar cellstability

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs) show promise but require cost-effective and scalable fabrication methods.
  • Current synthesis routes for lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots often involve expensive precursors and stringent conditions, hindering commercial viability.
  • Ambient atmosphere processing is desirable for industrial scalability of QDSCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a low-cost, industrially viable method for synthesizing high-quality PbS quantum dots (QDs) under ambient conditions.
  • To enable the fabrication of efficient QDSCs using QDs produced via a greener and more accessible synthetic route.
  • To demonstrate the synthesis of size-tunable PbS QDs suitable for photovoltaic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized thioacetamide (TAA) as a low-cost, greener sulfur precursor for PbS QD synthesis at low temperatures.
  • Employed a diffusion-controlled growth mechanism to achieve size-tunable PbS QDs (emission peaks ~700-1050 nm).
  • Fabricated QDSCs using PbS QDs synthesized under ambient atmosphere (room temperature, humid air).

Main Results:

  • Achieved large-scale (multigram) synthesis of PbS QDs with an estimated production cost of $8.11 per gram.
  • QDSCs fabricated with 3.25 nm PbS QDs exhibited a high circuit current density (Jsc) of 32.4 mA/cm² and 7.8% power conversion efficiency under 1 sun.
  • Demonstrated superior photovoltaic performance compared to devices made with traditional PbS QDs synthesized using bis(trimethylsilyl)sulfide [(TMS)2S].

Conclusions:

  • The diffusion-controlled TAA-based synthetic route offers a promising, cost-effective, and scalable approach for producing size-tunable PbS QDs.
  • This method facilitates the fabrication of high-performance QDSCs under ambient conditions, paving the way for commercialization.
  • The developed PbS QDs are suitable for photovoltaic and other optoelectronic applications.