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Investigating the within-person relationships between activity levels and sleep duration using Fitbit data
Yue Liao1, Michael C Robertson1, Andrea Winne2
1Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Translational Behavioral Medicine
|July 16, 2020
Summary
Wearable trackers reveal that less sleep increases physical activity, while more sedentary time reduces sleep duration. This highlights the bidirectional link between activity and sleep in adults.
Area of Science:
- Wearable technology and health behavior research.
- Chronobiology and sleep science.
- Public health and obesity interventions.
Background:
- Wearable devices enable continuous tracking of daily activity and sleep patterns.
- Understanding the intrapersonal, reciprocal relationships between physical activity and sleep is crucial.
- Employer-sponsored weight loss programs offer a context for studying these behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the bidirectional relationships between daily physical activity levels and sleep duration.
- To determine if activity predicts sleep and if sleep predicts activity.
- To explore extended effects using 2-day averages of activity and sleep data.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of activity and sleep data from Fitbit devices.
- Inclusion of 105 overweight/obese adults (92% female, 70% obese, 44% Hispanic) in a 6-month program.
- Application of multilevel models to examine daily and 2-day lagged effects.
Main Results:
- No significant daily relationship found between active minutes and sleep duration.
- Reduced sleep over two nights predicted increased physical activity the next day.
- A significant bidirectional negative association existed between sedentary minutes and sleep duration.
Conclusions:
- Wearable tracker data are valuable for studying within-person activity-sleep relationships.
- Future research should explore other sleep metrics from wearables.
- Investigating moderators and mediators of activity-sleep dynamics is warranted.
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