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Plasmon-Coupled Photocapacitor Neuromodulators.

Rustamzhon Melikov1, Shashi Bhushan Srivastava1, Onuralp Karatum1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces plasmonic photocapacitors to enhance optical-to-electrical signaling for neural interfaces. This method improves safe and effective photostimulation of neurons across the visible spectrum.

Keywords:
biointerfacecharge transfernanoislandsorganic polymersphotocapacitorphotostimulationplasmonics

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Biophysics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Efficient optical energy transduction to bioelectrical stimuli is crucial for biological system communication.
  • Plasmonics enhances light-matter interactions but is mainly used for heat-induced cell stimulation (optocapacitance).
  • Existing methods face limitations in safety and efficacy for neural stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate plasmonic coupling to photocapacitor biointerfaces for improved neuromodulation.
  • To investigate the mechanisms behind enhanced displacement charge and minimize unwanted currents.
  • To establish a new, ultrasensitive method for wireless neural stimulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing plasmonic coupling with photocapacitor biointerfaces.
  • Measuring displacement charge enhancement and faradaic currents across the visible spectrum.
  • Analyzing the roles of hot-electron injection and nanoantenna effects.

Main Results:

  • Plasmonic coupling improved neuromodulating displacement charges by an average of 185% across the visible spectrum.
  • Faradaic currents were maintained below 1%, ensuring safety.
  • Hot-electron injection enhanced blue light stimulation; nanoantenna effects improved red light stimulation.
  • Wireless modulation of single cells achieved sensitivities three orders of magnitude below maximum retinal intensity levels.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmonic photocapacitors offer a novel, safe, and effective approach for neural photostimulation.
  • This technology enables ultrasensitive optoelectronic neural interfaces.
  • The findings pave the way for advanced plasmon-assisted neurostimulation devices.