Functional deficit in children with congenital heart disease undergoing surgical correction after intensive care unit

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Eloisa da Rosa Schunck1, Camila Wohlgemuth Schaan2, Gabriela Alves Pereira1

  • 1Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

Revista Brasileira De Terapia Intensiva
|July 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Many children experience functional deficits after congenital heart surgery, particularly those with higher surgical risk or longer intensive care unit stays. Early assessment of functional status is crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric cardiac patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery Outcomes
  • Functional Status Assessment

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) necessitates surgical intervention in pediatric patients.
  • Post-operative functional status is a critical determinant of long-term outcomes.
  • Understanding factors influencing functional recovery is essential for optimizing care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the functional status of pediatric patients post-congenital heart surgery.
  • To identify correlations between clinical variables, functional status, and surgical risk.
  • To inform clinical practice regarding post-operative care and rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design involving pediatric patients (1 month to <18 years) undergoing CHD surgery.
  • Functional outcome measured using the Functional Status Scale.
  • Surgical risk categorized by Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery-1 (RACHS-1).

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of functional deficit (75.5%) observed, with 45.6% being moderate.
  • Higher surgical risk (RACHS-1 category > 3) present in 47% of patients.
  • Functional deficit correlated with younger age, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and extended ICU stay.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of pediatric patients exhibit functional deficits after CHD surgery.
  • Younger age, increased surgical risk, and longer intensive care unit stays are associated with worse functional outcomes.
  • These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve functional recovery in this population.
Abstract

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