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Aromatic Ester-Functionalized Ionic Liquid for Highly Efficient CO2 Electrochemical Reduction to Oxalic Acid.

Yingliang Yang1,2, Hongshuai Gao1, Jiaqi Feng1,3

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.

Chemsuschem
|July 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) efficiently produces oxalic acid using a novel ionic liquid electrolyte. This method achieves record-breaking rates for a valuable chemical feedstock.

Keywords:
CO2 reductionelectrocatalystelectrolysisionic liquidoxalic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) utilization is crucial for sustainability.
  • Electrochemical reduction offers a pathway to convert CO2 into valuable chemicals.
  • Oxalic acid is an important industrial chemical with diverse applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and investigate a novel ionic liquid electrolyte for efficient CO2 electroreduction.
  • To achieve high selectivity and production rates for oxalic acid.
  • To elucidate the reaction mechanism using computational methods.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical reduction of CO2 using a specifically designed ionic liquid (IL), 4-(methoxycarbonyl) phenol tetraethylammonium ([TEA][4-MF-PhO]).
  • Performance evaluation through partial current density and faradaic efficiency measurements at -2.6 V (vs. Ag/Ag+).
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to understand the CO2 activation and reaction pathway.

Main Results:

  • The [TEA][4-MF-PhO] electrolyte demonstrated a high oxalic acid partial current density of 9.03 mA cm-2.
  • Achieved a remarkable faradaic efficiency (FE) of 86% for oxalic acid production.
  • The highest reported oxalic acid formation rate of 168.4 μmol cm-2 h-1 was obtained.
  • DFT calculations revealed CO2 activation via a bis-active site mechanism and intermediate formation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed aromatic ester-functionalized ionic liquid is highly effective for CO2 electroreduction to oxalic acid.
  • The study provides a promising electrolyte system for efficient and selective CO2 conversion.
  • The findings offer insights into the mechanism of oxalic acid formation, paving the way for further optimization.