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Related Concept Videos

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of...
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Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma
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Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma

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[Sarcoma].

Shintaro Iwata1, Yoko Katoh, Akira Kawai

  • 1Rare Cancer Center, National Cancer Center.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|July 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Sarcoma treatment faces challenges due to physician inexperience and limited evidence. Centralizing care and improving information access are crucial for better outcomes in this rare cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Rare Cancers
  • Sarcoma Research

Background:

  • Sarcoma is a rare cancer with unique treatment challenges.
  • Limited patient numbers lead to physician inexperience and insufficient evidence.
  • Current treatment protocols face low adherence and limited research funding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the current status and future directions for sarcoma treatment.
  • To address challenges in pathological diagnosis and clinical evidence creation.
  • To improve information dissemination and support for sarcoma patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current sarcoma treatment centralization and networking strategies.
  • Analysis of issues in pathological diagnosis and clinical evidence generation.

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A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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A Mouse Model of Incompletely Resected Soft Tissue Sarcoma for Testing Neoadjuvant Therapies
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A Mouse Model of Incompletely Resected Soft Tissue Sarcoma for Testing Neoadjuvant Therapies

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A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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A Mouse Model of Incompletely Resected Soft Tissue Sarcoma for Testing Neoadjuvant Therapies
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  • Assessment of human resource development and patient information support systems.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified key challenges including physician inexperience, data scarcity, and low clinical trial participation.
    • Highlighted the need for centralized treatment networks and improved diagnostic accuracy.
    • Emphasized the importance of enhanced information provision and physician education.

    Conclusions:

    • Centralization and networking of sarcoma treatment are essential for improving care quality.
    • Addressing evidence gaps and fostering research are critical for advancing sarcoma treatment.
    • Enhanced support systems and education are vital for both healthcare professionals and patients.