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The COVID-19 and 1918 influenza pandemics share similarities, with sepsis as the likely cause of death. Rethinking sepsis through a systemic biology lens, or inflammationomics, is crucial for improving outcomes.

Keywords:
COVID-19Excessive inflammatory responseImmunosuppressionSepsis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Systemic Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the urgent need for effective treatments against life-threatening infections.
  • Historical pandemics, like the 1918 influenza, underscore the devastating impact of widespread infectious diseases.
  • Current sepsis definitions and treatments have not significantly reduced mortality rates, indicating a need for novel approaches.

Discussion:

  • Both H1N1 influenza and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) viruses may ultimately lead to death through sepsis.
  • Sepsis is characterized by a systemic imbalance rather than a single disease entity.
  • The complexity of immune responses, involving neurotransmitters and endocrine hormones, challenges traditional sepsis management.

Key Insights:

  • Sepsis represents a systemic dysregulation following infection or trauma, not merely an inflammatory or immunosuppressive state.
  • A comprehensive, systemic biology approach, termed 'inflammationomics,' is proposed to understand and manage sepsis.
  • This new perspective may offer a path toward improved sepsis diagnostics and therapeutics.

Outlook:

  • Further research into inflammationomics could revolutionize sepsis treatment strategies.
  • Understanding the systemic nature of sepsis is vital for developing targeted interventions.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic serves as a critical juncture for re-evaluating our approach to sepsis and systemic infections.