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SELF-MEDICATION PROFILE OF DENTAL PATIENTS ATTENDING A NORTH EASTERN TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN NIGERIA.

E A Idowu1, A O Afolabi2, B O Fakuade3

  • 1Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine
|July 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Self-medication for dental issues is common in Northeastern Nigeria, affecting 41.5% of patients. This practice, often involving analgesics and antibiotics obtained from street vendors, highlights a need for improved access to dental care.

Keywords:
Dental patientsNorth-eastern Nigeria.Self-medication

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Health
  • Public Health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Self-medication is a global phenomenon, with extensive literature on its use for general ailments.
  • There is a significant gap in research regarding self-medication practices for dental complaints, particularly in Northeastern Nigeria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of self-medication for dental problems prior to seeking professional dental care.
  • To identify factors associated with self-medication among patients attending a dental outpatient clinic in Gombe, Nigeria.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over 8 months.
  • Data was collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire administered to adult patients at the Federal Teaching Hospital (FTH) Dental and Maxillofacial Outpatient Clinic.
  • Non-probability convenient sampling was employed, with data analyzed using SPSS version 23.0.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of self-medication for dental issues was 41.5%.
  • Females (55.1%) and individuals in their 20s-40s showed higher prevalence.
  • Analgesics (59.8%) and antibiotics (37.8%) were common, with paracetamol being the most frequent individual drug. Street hawkers were the primary source of medications.
  • Fear of dental treatment and perception of minor ailments were key reasons for self-medication, with periodontitis being a common associated condition.

Conclusions:

  • Self-medication for dental problems is prevalent in the study area, involving both conventional and traditional remedies.
  • Enhancing access to dental consultations through initiatives like the National Health Insurance Scheme is crucial to curb this practice.