Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

3.7K
Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective...
3.7K
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

3.7K
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
3.7K
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

1.2K
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
1.2K
The Menstrual Cycle01:19

The Menstrual Cycle

2.4K
The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a...
2.4K
Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

2.1K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
2.1K
Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

857
The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...
857

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Training status augments mechanisms of rapid‑onset vasodilation in healthy young adults.

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)·2026
Same author

The impact of cognitive stress on vascular response and force steadiness during a handgrip task in males and females.

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)·2026
Same author

A comparison of resting metabolic rate measurement in adults, using a ventilated canopy or a mixing-chamber system with a silicone mask.

Physiological reports·2026
Same author

Differences in Critical Torque Among Untrained, Resistance-Trained, and Aerobic-Trained Young Individuals.

Journal of strength and conditioning research·2026
Same author

The effects of CYP450 inhibition on cerebrovascular control during rest and mild hypovolemia: An exploratory study in young, healthy adults.

Physiological reports·2025
Same author

Physical activity mediates the relationship between weight status and pain impacting daily activities.

International journal of obesity (2005)·2025
Same journal

Physiological load and breath-holding in artistic swimming: a scoping review establishing historical baselines and evidence gaps in the context of the 2022-2025 rule changes.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

Effects of blood flow restriction exercise interventions on patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

Effects of resistance-type and cycling-type high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness, lower-body strength, and anaerobic fitness.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

Model-based estimates of sex differences in peak power and fatigue index in track cyclists using directed acyclic graphs, inverse probability of treatment weighting, and Bayesian modeling.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

Fine-tuning striated muscle performance: conserved sarcomere-level mechanisms across insect and vertebrate systems.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
Same journal

Effects of different dual-task trainings on gait and cortical activation during obstacle crossing in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Frontiers in physiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
14:26

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

Published on: April 7, 2014

15.9K

Menstrual Cycle Effects on Exercise-Induced Fatigability.

Hugo M Pereira1, Rebecca D Larson1, Debra A Bemben1

  • 1Department of Health and Exercise Science, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States.

Frontiers in Physiology
|July 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ovarian hormones like estrogen and progesterone affect muscle fatigue differently across the menstrual cycle. Study findings on exercise-induced fatigue vary, highlighting the need for more research on menstrual cycle phase effects.

Keywords:
endurancefatiguemenstrual cycleprogesterone and estradiolstrengthtime to task failure

More Related Videos

Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test
06:00

Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test

Published on: July 27, 2015

13.0K
Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer
07:22

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer

Published on: February 20, 2020

6.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 14, 2025

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
14:26

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

Published on: April 7, 2014

15.9K
Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test
06:00

Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test

Published on: July 27, 2015

13.0K
Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer
07:22

Measuring the Motor Aspect of Cancer-Related Fatigue using a Handheld Dynamometer

Published on: February 20, 2020

6.1K

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Reproductive Endocrinology

Background:

  • Estrogen and progesterone levels fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle.
  • These hormonal changes influence various physiological processes beyond reproduction.
  • The impact of these hormonal shifts on skeletal muscle fatigability remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the influence of menstrual cycle phase on motor output during fatiguing contractions.
  • To emphasize the effect sizes of these physiological alterations.
  • To investigate if task type modifies hormone-related exercise-induced fatigue.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of experimental studies in eumenorrheic women (1975-2019).
  • Included studies reporting motor output metrics in both follicular and luteal phases.
  • Analyzed 46 studies after initial search of 921 papers.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen of 46 studies found statistically significant differences in fatigability between menstrual phases.
  • Seven studies indicated less fatigability in the luteal phase, eight in the follicular phase.
  • Effect sizes were inconsistent, ranging from -6.77 to 1.61, suggesting varied responses.

Conclusions:

  • Inconsistencies in exercise-induced fatigability across menstrual cycle phases may stem from methodological differences.
  • Variations in limb used, contraction type, muscle mass engaged, and phase definition techniques contribute to differing results.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the specific effects of menstrual cycle phases on exercise-induced fatigability.