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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

1.0K
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

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Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

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Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
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Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers01:17

Antiepileptic Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers

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Calcium channel blockers, a class of antiepileptic drugs, regulate the flow of calcium ions within neurons.
Calcium channel blockers exert their antiepileptic effects by targeting T-type calcium channels, which are integral to transmitting nerve signals in the central nervous system. These channels allow the passage of calcium ions, which are vital for neuronal communication. By inhibiting T-type calcium channels, calcium channel blockers effectively reduce the release of neurotransmitters and...
979
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

499
Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Simultaneous Video-EEG-ECG Monitoring to Identify Neurocardiac Dysfunction in Mouse Models of Epilepsy
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Seizures and epilepsy in cats.

Sarah A Moore1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Veterinary Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|July 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Feline seizures, while presenting differently than in dogs, share similar causes like primary, structural, and reactive epilepsies. A thorough diagnostic work-up and tailored treatment are crucial for managing seizures in cats.

Keywords:
antiepileptic druglevetiracetamphenobarbitalseizure classificationzonisamide

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Feline Medicine
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Seizures are a frequent reason for veterinary visits in cats.
  • Historically, feline seizure causes and treatments were underrepresented in veterinary literature.
  • Feline seizure presentation can differ from canine seizures, though underlying causes are similar.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current veterinary literature on feline seizures.
  • To focus on seizure classification, clinical signs, diagnostics, and treatment options in cats.
  • To highlight the importance of a complete diagnostic work-up for feline seizures.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of recent veterinary literature concerning feline seizures.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on seizure etiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics in cats.
  • Synthesis of information on primary, structural, and reactive seizure categories in felines.

Main Results:

  • Feline seizures encompass primary, structural, and reactive epilepsy types.
  • Primary epilepsy, once considered rare, is now recognized more frequently in cats.
  • Diagnostic approaches and symptomatic treatments for feline seizures are similar to dogs, with noted species-specific drug toxicities.

Conclusions:

  • A complete diagnostic evaluation is recommended for all cats presenting with seizures.
  • Understanding feline-specific antiepileptic drug toxicities is vital for safe treatment.
  • This review consolidates current knowledge to aid in managing feline seizures effectively.