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Using Prenatal Blood Samples to Evaluate COVID-19 Rapid Serologic Tests Specificity.

Jackeline Alger1,2,3,4, Maria Luisa Cafferata5,6, Tito Alvarado1,3

  • 1Plataforma Todos Contra el COVID-19, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.

Maternal and Child Health Journal
|July 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

COVID-19 rapid tests show varying specificity. Evaluating these diagnostic tests using pre-pandemic blood samples from pregnant women is crucial for accurate results.

Keywords:
COVID-19 diagnostic testingPregnancyPrenatal careSerologic tests

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cross-reactivity in COVID-19 serologic tests can impact specificity.
  • Prenatal care offers a unique population for validating diagnostic tests.
  • Pre-pandemic serum samples are ideal for assessing test specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the specificity of COVID-19 rapid serologic diagnostic tests.
  • To determine the reliability of these tests using a well-defined sample population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized stored serum samples from pregnant women (collected in 2018).
  • Evaluated four lateral flow rapid diagnostic tests for COVID-19.
  • Employed blinded evaluators to read test results from pre-pandemic samples.

Main Results:

  • Two tests demonstrated 100% specificity for both IgM and IgG antibodies.
  • One test showed 98.9% specificity for IgM and 94.4% for IgG.
  • Another test yielded 88.9% specificity for IgM and 100% for IgG.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 serologic rapid tests exhibit variable specificity.
  • Sentinel prenatal clinics are valuable for obtaining population-based samples for test validation.