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Related Concept Videos

Autophagy01:27

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
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Autophagic Cell Death01:18

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Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Cecal Ligation and Puncture-induced Sepsis as a Model To Study Autophagy in Mice
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Autophagy and Inflammatory Diseases.

Min Jin1, Yanyun Zhang2

  • 1Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Autophagy, a cellular process, is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and integrating immunity. Dysfunctional autophagy links to inflammatory diseases, impacting immune cell function and infection clearance.

Keywords:
Antigen presentationAutophagyInfectionInflammasomeInflammatory bowel disease

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process vital for maintaining homeostasis.
  • It acts as a complex regulatory system integrating innate and adaptive immunity.
  • The interplay between autophagy and immunity is increasingly recognized in disease pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the critical roles of autophagy in immune regulation and inflammatory diseases.
  • To highlight the connection between aberrant autophagy and various inflammatory conditions.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which autophagy influences immune cell function and pathogen clearance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on autophagy and immunity.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the role of autophagy in inflammatory disease models.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms linking autophagy to immune pathways, including inflammasome activation.

Main Results:

  • Aberrant autophagy is closely associated with inflammatory diseases such as infections and inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Autophagy plays a significant role in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
  • Autophagy is essential for the clearance of bacterial and viral infections and the function of adaptive immune cells.

Conclusions:

  • Autophagy is a key regulator of the immune system with implications for inflammatory diseases.
  • Understanding autophagy mechanisms offers potential therapeutic targets for immune-related disorders.
  • Further research into autophagy-immunity interactions is crucial for advancing treatments for inflammatory conditions.