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Influence of preterm birth for child's oral health status

Sandra Žemgulytė1, Ingrida Vasiliauskienė, Eglė Slabšinskienė

  • 1Clinic for Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Luksos-Daumanto 6, LT-50106 Kaunas, Lithuania. zemgulyte.sandra@gmail.com.

Stomatologija
|July 17, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Prematurity and low birth weight are linked to significant health issues, including oral health complications like enamel defects and dental caries. This review analyzes global prevalence and risk factors for preterm birth.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Pediatric Dentistry

Background:

  • Preterm birth is a global health concern with potential long-term consequences.
  • Understanding the prevalence and risk factors of prematurity is crucial for intervention.
  • The link between prematurity and oral health, specifically enamel defects and caries, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the global prevalence and classification of preterm birth.
  • To analyze maternal and fetal risk factors associated with preterm birth.
  • To explore the relationship between prematurity, enamel defects, and dental caries development.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • Studies reporting data on prematurity risk factors, low birth weight, enamel defects, and early childhood caries were identified.
  • Data from selected publications were systematically extracted.

Main Results:

  • An initial search identified 75 articles.
  • A total of 48 publications were included in the final review.
  • The review synthesized data on prematurity prevalence, risk factors, and oral health outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Prematurity and low birth weight are associated with general health complications.
  • Infants born prematurely face increased risks for oral health issues, including developmental defects of enamel and dental caries.
  • These conditions can significantly impact an infant's overall development and growth.
Abstract

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