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Light Acquisition02:16

Light Acquisition

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In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
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Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview

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Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
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Published on: February 12, 2013

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UAV assisted landing guided by UV LEDs.

Taifei Zhao, Ping Liu, Shuang Zhang

    Applied Optics
    |July 17, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel landing assistance system for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) utilizing ultraviolet (UV) light communication. The research details UV power formulas and experimental validation for enhanced covert communication systems.

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Wireless Communication
    • Robotics

    Background:

    • Ultraviolet (UV) light communication offers advantages like anti-interference, all-weather capability, and covertness.
    • Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) require reliable communication systems for various applications, including landing assistance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a UV light-based landing assistance system for UAVs.
    • To derive and analyze a Lambertian power formula for UV LEDs, considering receiver aperture and LED divergence angle.
    • To investigate UV power attenuation and identify optimal conditions for maximum optical power reception.

    Main Methods:

    • Derivation of a Lambertian power formula for UV LEDs.
    • Comparison of the derived formula with traditional line-of-sight (LOS) UV power formulas.

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  • Simulation analysis of UV power attenuation based on receiver and LED angles.
  • Outdoor experimental validation of theoretical findings.
  • Main Results:

    • UV power attenuation increases with receiver angle and UV LED divergence angle.
    • An optimal Lambertian order exists for maximizing received optical power at a fixed angle.
    • Theoretical results were experimentally verified, confirming the model's accuracy.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Lambertian power formula accurately models UV communication systems.
    • The study provides a foundation for robust UV-based landing assistance systems for UAVs.
    • UV communication offers a viable solution for covert and reliable UAV operations.