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Engineering Microphysiological Immune System Responses on Chips.

Chris P Miller1, Woojung Shin2, Eun Hyun Ahn3

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.

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|July 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This review highlights advances in tissues- and organs-on-chips for studying immune responses. These microphysiological systems (MPSs) offer improved modeling of complex immunity compared to traditional cell cultures.

Keywords:
engineering immune system responsesimmune system-on-a-chipintestinal inflammationmicrophysiological systemssystems immunologytumor immune microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology and Systems Biology
  • Microfluidics and Organ-on-a-Chip Technology

Background:

  • Conventional cell cultures lack the complexity of human tissues and organs.
  • Microphysiological systems (MPSs), or tissues- and organs-on-chips, offer advanced modeling capabilities.
  • Progress in immune response modeling using MPSs has lagged behind other tissue types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in MPSs for investigating complex immune responses.
  • To highlight specific examples of immunocompetent tumor microenvironment-on-a-chip and mucosal immunity models.
  • To discuss the integration of microfluidics, omics, and systems immunology in MPS development.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on immunocompetent tumor microenvironment-on-a-chip devices incorporating stromal and immune cells.
  • Analysis of pathomimetic models for human mucosal immunity and inflammatory crosstalk.
  • Integration of microfluidic engineering with high-throughput omics measurements for systems immunology.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of functional immunocompetent tumor microenvironment models.
  • Successful pathomimetic modeling of human mucosal immunity and inflammatory interactions.
  • Advancements in developing systems immunology-on-a-chip platforms.

Conclusions:

  • MPSs are rapidly evolving for sophisticated immune response research.
  • These advanced models provide new avenues for understanding tumor immunity and mucosal inflammation.
  • Integration of technologies promises to accelerate discoveries in systems immunology.