Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
Advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Albert Hicks1, Jorge F Velazco2, Salman Gohar1
1Division of Cardiology, Baylor Scott and White Medical Center - TempleTempleTexas.
Abstract:
Patients suffering advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) account for a large portion of patients admitted to hospitals worldwide. Mortality and 30-day readmission rates for HFrEF are now a focus of value-based payment models, making management of this disease a priority for hospitals, physicians, and payers alike. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been the cornerstone of therapy for decades. However, with treatment, the prognosis for patients with advanced HFrEF remains poor. Fortunately, advances in medical therapy and mechanical support offer some patients improvement in both survival and quality of life. We review advances in short- and long-term mechanical support and explore changes to organ allocation for cardiac transplantation. In addition, we provide a guide to facilitate appropriate referral to an advanced heart failure team.
Related Concept Videos
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
Heart Failure V: Medical Management
Heart Failure I: Introduction
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

