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Salivary exosomes: properties, medical applications, and isolation methods
Behzad Cheshmi1, Hamid Cheshomi2
1Faculty of Dentistry, Boroujerd Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran.
Molecular Biology Reports
|July 18, 2020
Summary
Salivary exosomes, extracellular vesicles (EVs), offer diagnostic potential due to their composition. These EVs are accessible tools for disease diagnosis and treatment, aiding understanding of pathophysiologic processes.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Salivary exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) characterized by CD63 surface immunoreactivity.
- These EVs can be classified into two types based on size: Exosomes I (83.5 nm) and Exosomes II (40.5 nm).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the origin, composition, separation methods, and medical applications of salivary exosomes.
- To highlight the diagnostic and research value of salivary exosome composition and function.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on salivary exosome characteristics.
- Analysis of exosome classification based on size and protein markers.
- Discussion of exosome biogenesis and transport mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Salivary exosomes possess distinct size classifications (Exosomes I and II).
- Their composition is valuable for disease diagnosis and understanding pathophysiologic processes.
- EVs in saliva can transport components from blood across epithelial barriers.
Conclusions:
- Salivary exosomes are a promising and accessible source for exosome-based diagnostics and therapeutics.
- Their ability to cross barriers facilitates the study of disease mechanisms.
- Further research into salivary exosomes can advance disease diagnosis and treatment strategies.
