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Cestode strobilation: prediction of developmental genes and pathways.

Gabriela Prado Paludo1,2, Claudia Elizabeth Thompson2,3, Kendi Nishino Miyamoto2

  • 1Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural e Funcional, Centro de Biotecnologia (CBiot), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

BMC Genomics
|July 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study identified 34 genes and 3 pathways involved in cestode strobilation, a key reproductive process in parasitic worms. These findings offer insights into strobilation mechanisms and potential drug targets for antihelminthic therapies.

Keywords:
Co-expression networkComparative genomicsDevelopmentPlatyhelminthesSegmentation

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cestoda (tapeworms) are parasitic flatworms known for enhanced reproductive capacity via strobilation.
  • Strobilation involves serial repetition of reproductive organs and external segmentation but its molecular basis is poorly understood.
  • This study investigates the genetic underpinnings of strobilation through comparative genomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genes and proteins associated with the strobilation process in Cestoda.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary aspects of cestode reproduction.
  • To discover potential targets for novel antihelminthic drugs.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomic analysis of 10 parasitic platyhelminth species (5 cestodes, 5 trematodes).
  • Identification of orthologous genes present in all cestodes but absent in at least one trematode.
  • Transcriptional profiling to identify differentially expressed genes between larval and adult cestode stages.

Main Results:

  • Identified 1813 candidate genes, narrowing down to 34 differentially expressed genes potentially related to strobilation.
  • These 34 genes include 12 with known functions (6 linked to Wnt, TGF-β/BMP, or GPCR pathways) and 22 of unknown function (UF).
  • Gene co-expression analysis in Echinococcus multilocularis predicted functions for 8 UF genes in development, reproduction, or signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Provided in silico evidence implicating 34 genes/proteins and at least 3 developmental pathways in cestode strobilation.
  • Highlighted molecular mechanisms and evolutionary insights into cestode strobilation.
  • Identified potential developmental markers and therapeutic targets for antihelminthic drug development.