Relationship of primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura and atopia among children: a case control study

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic disease affecting 10-30% of children and 2-10% of adults worldwide. It is manifested by the pruritus eczema lesions on the skin. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the most common cause of acute onset of thrombocytopenia in childhood. The aim of this study was association of primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura and atopia among children. This case control study was performed on patients with acute and chronic ITP who were confirmed by a hematologist. The control group was also selected from the siblings of the patients who were healthy and almost matched by age and sex with the patient group. Data were entered into a questionnaire under the SPSS-20 program, and demographic data were analyzed descriptively. In the present study, 120 patients were enrolled, 60 of whom were in the patient group and 60 in the control group. Mean age was 95 and 98 months for patients and control. This study showed a significant association of ITP with allergic rhinitis (P = 0.02), atopic dermatitis (P = 0.004), itching (P = 0.042), and dry skin (P = 0.015). However, no significant relationship was found between ITP and asthma (P-value = 0.18). This study does not reveal the causality between atopy and ITP but clearly shows the association between atopy and ITP disease, so the prevalence of atopy in ITP patients is higher than the normal population. According to the results of this study, it is necessary to investigate the cause of atopy and ITP and to find other immunological and possibly genetic commonalities.