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[Vestibular vertigo].

L M Antonenko1, V A Parfenov1

  • 1Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|July 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate diagnosis of vestibular vertigo, often caused by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) or Meniere

Keywords:
Meniere’s diseasebenign paroxysmal positional vertigodiscirculatory encephalopathystrokevertebral-basilar insufficiencyvestibular migrainevestibular neuritisvestibular vertigo

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Vestibular vertigo is a common condition with multiple potential causes, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere's disease, vestibular neuritis, vestibular migraine, and stroke.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial as several causes of vestibular vertigo are effectively treatable.
  • Physician awareness of specific vestibular disorders may be limited, leading to diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the features, diagnosis, and treatment of vestibular vertigo in the context of common underlying diseases.
  • To analyze common diagnostic errors in vestibular vertigo based on a large outpatient cohort.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing and correctly diagnosing treatable conditions like BPPV, Meniere's disease, and vestibular migraine.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of diagnostic errors in 700 outpatients presenting with vertigo.
  • Review of features, diagnosis, and treatment of vestibular vertigo associated with BPPV, Meniere's disease, vestibular neuritis, vestibular migraine, and stroke.
  • Comparison of diagnosed conditions with potential misdiagnoses such as vertebral-basilar insufficiency or cervical spine pathology.

Main Results:

  • Common diagnostic errors were identified, with vertigo frequently misattributed to vertebral-basilar insufficiency, discirculatory encephalopathy, or cervical spine pathology.
  • Conditions like BPPV, Meniere's disease, vestibular neuritis, and vestibular migraine were diagnosed less frequently than expected.
  • The study suggests a lack of physician awareness contributes to these diagnostic inaccuracies.

Conclusions:

  • Misdiagnosis of vestibular vertigo is prevalent, often overlooking specific conditions like BPPV and Meniere's disease.
  • Increased physician awareness and accurate diagnosis of treatable vestibular disorders are essential.
  • Timely and correct diagnosis of BPPV, Meniere's disease, and vestibular migraine is critical for effective patient management.