Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
Published on: July 8, 2025
[Psychogenic pseudoseizures as psychoneurological problem]
1Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia.
Abstract:
The complexity of the problem is associated with the lack of reliable differential diagnostic indications for distinguishing epileptic and pseudo-epileptic seizures, as well as with the risk of provoking seizures during psychological sessions in patients with PPS. Therefore, apparently, only one of the Russian-language monographs that were published in recent years and one of the 1999 neurology guidelines pay attention to this problem. We have shown the nosological heterogeneity of patients with PPS, clinical particularities related to it and the need for a differentiated approach to its therapy. PPS is a serious clinical problem that can successfully be solved only by interdisciplinary development.
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