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Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
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Neutralizing and cross-reacting antibodies: implications for immunotherapy and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development

Samuel A Cohen1,2, Caitlyn Kellogg2,3, Ozlem Equils2

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC , Los Angeles, US.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|July 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Antibodies from seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoV) may offer cross-neutralizing protection against SARS-CoV-2. Further research is needed to confirm if these antibodies can prevent future infections from the novel coronavirus.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 triggered a global pandemic, necessitating rapid vaccine development and therapeutic strategies.
  • Current treatments like convalescent plasma and immune globulin are under investigation for COVID-19.
  • The neutralizing capacity and protective potential of SARS-CoV-2-induced antibodies remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by antibodies generated against endemic seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoV).
  • To review epidemiologic data on HCoV and discuss implications for SARS-CoV-2 immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing epidemiologic observations on seasonal human coronaviruses.
  • Discussion of potential antibody cross-neutralization mechanisms.
  • Analysis of neonatal data suggesting trans-placental transfer of neutralizing HCoV antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Seasonal HCoV have circulated for decades, eliciting antibody responses in human populations.
  • Neonatal data indicate that antibodies against HCoV may possess neutralizing capabilities.
  • The cross-neutralizing potential of these HCoV antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is a key area for investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Antibodies developed against seasonal human coronaviruses might offer cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2.
  • Understanding HCoV immunity could provide insights into developing broader coronavirus vaccines and treatments.
  • Further studies are warranted to validate the neutralizing and protective effects of HCoV antibodies on SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords:
COVID-19immunotherapypregnancyvaccine

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