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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

1.6K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

14.3K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine
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Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

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[Basic principles of immunotherapy].

Georgia Schilling1, Dirk Arnold2

  • 1Asklepios Tumorzentrum, Asklepios Klinik Altona, Paul-Ehrlich Str. 1, 22763, Hamburg, Deutschland. g.schilling@asklepios.com.

Der Radiologe
|July 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunotherapy harnesses the immune system to fight cancer using methods like immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cells. These advanced treatments offer new options for managing solid and blood cancers.

Keywords:
Checkpoint inhibitorsImmunomodulationMonoclonal antibodiesOncolytic virotherapyT‑cell transfer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology and Immunology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Immunotherapy is a strategic approach targeting the immune system to prevent or treat malignancies.
  • Current immunotherapy encompasses diverse modalities including immune checkpoint inhibitors, BiTEs, CAR T-cells, and oncolytic viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of immunotherapy in malignant diseases.
  • To highlight the varied mechanisms, targets, and efficiencies of different immunotherapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current immunotherapy approaches in oncology.
  • Analysis of mechanisms of action and clinical applications.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy represents a significant advancement in cancer treatment.
  • Different immunotherapies exhibit varying efficacy in solid tumors versus hematological malignancies.
  • These therapies complement traditional treatments like surgery and radiation.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy significantly expands the oncological therapeutic arsenal.
  • It offers palliative and synergistic options alongside local treatments for various cancers.