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The relationship between MSW and education: WKC evidence from 25 OECD countries
George Halkos1, Kleoniki Natalia Petrou1
1Laboratory of Operations Research, Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 28is Octovriou, Volos 33888, Greece.
Waste Management (New York, N.Y.)
|July 19, 2020
Summary
Higher education levels correlate with reduced municipal solid waste (MSW) generation, even with economic growth. This study redefines the Waste Kuznets Curve (WKC) by showing education’s role in promoting pro-environmental behaviors and lowering waste.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Economics
- Waste Management Studies
- Socioeconomic Impact Analysis
Background:
- Municipal solid waste (MSW) is an economic factor, both a byproduct and a resource for recovery.
- Education levels are increasingly recognized as influencing waste generation patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between MSW generation, economic growth (GDP), and education levels.
- To re-evaluate the Waste Kuznets Curve (WKC) hypothesis considering these variables.
- To determine the impact of education on waste generation and pro-environmental behavior.
Main Methods:
- Panel data analysis for 25 countries (1995-2016).
- Econometric methods accounting for cross-section dependence.
- Panel unit root tests and cointegration analysis.
- Static and dynamic analyses to examine the Waste Kuznets Curve (WKC).
Main Results:
- An inverted U-shape relationship between MSW and GDP (WKC) was confirmed.
- Education level consistently showed a negative relationship with MSW generation.
- Turning points for the WKC were within the sample period, though high.
Conclusions:
- Education is a significant factor in reducing MSW arisings.
- Enhanced education fosters pro-environmental behaviors, leading to decreased waste.
- Policy interventions should consider educational initiatives to manage MSW effectively.
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