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Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System

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High performance aqueous supercapacitor based on nitrogen-doped coal-based activated carbon electrode materials.

Duo Dong¹, Yongsheng Zhang¹, Yi Xiao¹

¹Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

|July 19, 2020

Summary

Nitrogen-doped coal-based activated carbon enhances supercapacitor performance, achieving a high specific capacitance of 323 F/g. This low-cost material offers improved energy density and cycle life for energy storage applications.

Keywords:

Coal-based activated carbon Density functional theory Electrochemical performance Nitrogen doping Supercapacitor

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Published on: December 6, 2021

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Supercapacitors (SCs) are crucial energy storage devices.
Coal-based activated carbon is a potential material for SCs.
Improving the performance of activated carbon-based SCs is an active research area.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a low-cost, modified nitrogen-doped coal-based activated carbon (MACN) for supercapacitors.
To investigate the effect of nitrogen doping on the electrochemical performance of coal-based activated carbon.
To evaluate the specific capacitance, life cycle, and rate performance of the fabricated supercapacitors.

Main Methods:

KOH/H2O co-activation of lignite to produce modified nitrogen-doped coal-based activated carbon (MACN).
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to understand structural and chemical changes.
Fabrication of supercapacitors using MACN and evaluation of their electrochemical performance (specific capacitance, cycle life, rate capability).

Main Results:

Nitrogen doping increased the internal disorder (ID/IG up to 0.99) and structural stability of the activated carbon.
MACN exhibited a high specific surface area (2129 m²/g), abundant micropores, and significant N-doping (9.59 wt%).
The MACN-based supercapacitor achieved a high specific capacitance of 323 F/g at 0.5 A/g, a 64.8% improvement over undoped carbon, and an energy density of 10 Wh/kg at 250 W/kg.

Conclusions:

Nitrogen doping is an effective strategy to enhance the electrochemical performance of coal-based activated carbon for supercapacitors.
The developed MACN material offers a promising low-cost solution for high-performance energy storage.
The study demonstrates the potential of modified coal-based activated carbon in advancing supercapacitor technology.