The Wenckebach Phenomenon

Medicine has many great pioneers, and in 1899, one such pioneer - Karel Frederik Wenckebach made a discovery which, even to this day, remains one of the fundamental concepts within electrophysiology. Since the Wenckebach Phenomenon was first described, the field of electrophysiology has developed at a rapid pace, allowing us to observe this behaviour, and its complexities, in many new ways. In a similar way, this chapter will illustrate Wenckebach behaviour across a spectrum of modalities from the 12 lead ECG, through to the intra-cardiac recordings from both electrophysiological studies and implantable cardiac devices. In doing so, we continue to shed light on the phenomenon first identified through Wenckebach's meticulous attention to detail some 120 years ago.