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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

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The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
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Sample Preparation using a Lipid Monolayer Method for Electron Crystallographic Studies
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Between two and three dimensions: Crystal structures in a slit pore.

Yu D Fomin1

  • 1Vereshchagin Institute of High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kaluzhskoe shosse, 14, Troitsk, Moscow 108840 Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy Lane, Dolgoprudny, Moscow region 141701, Russia.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|July 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular dynamics simulations reveal crystal structures in narrow pores. These structures, including triangular, square, and buckled phases, are shown to be derived from face-centered cubic (FCC) or hexagonal close-packed (HCP) arrangements.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding atomic structures in confined environments is crucial for materials science.
  • Previous models suggested specific 2D layer symmetries for crystals in narrow pores.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural organization of a monatomic system within a slit pore.
  • To determine if existing models adequately describe crystal structures under extreme confinement.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized molecular dynamics simulations to model atomic behavior.
  • Analyzed particle arrangements within a slit pore environment.

Main Results:

  • Observed various two-dimensional layered structures, including triangular and square symmetries.
  • Identified a 'buckled' phase with zigzag particle arrangements.
  • Demonstrated that these confined structures are essentially sections of face-centered cubic (FCC) or hexagonal close-packed (HCP) lattices.

Conclusions:

  • The study validates that confined crystal structures in narrow pores are derived from FCC or HCP arrangements.
  • Provides a unified framework for understanding diverse structural phases observed in nanopores.