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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of apical radial pulse01:25

Assessment of apical radial pulse

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Apical-Radial (A-R) Pulse Assessment
The A-R pulse assessment involves simultaneous evaluation of the apical and radial pulses. When the apical and radial pulse rates vary, this assessment helps identify a pulse deficit.
Pre-Procedural Preparation
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Assessment of radial pulse01:11

Assessment of radial pulse

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Assessment of Radial Pulse
The radial pulse, located at the wrist, is often the preferred site for assessing peripheral pulse because of its accessibility and dependability. The process of determining the radial pulse involves several steps:
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Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

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Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
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Deformation in a Circular Shaft01:10

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

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One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
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General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading01:12

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading

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Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
Consider a member subjected to equal and opposite forces that are applied along a line that does not coincide with the member's neutral axis. In unsymmetrical...
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Residual Stresses in Circular Shafts01:10

Residual Stresses in Circular Shafts

429
In materials that exhibit elastic and plastic behavior, known as elastoplastic materials, residual stresses can accumulate when these materials experience plastic deformation. This deformation arises from either high levels of shearing stress or significant strains. Residual stresses are internal stresses that persist within a material after removing the external force causing deformation. This phenomenon is demonstrated when observing the behavior of a shaft under torque; notably, the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Longitudinal Micro-Computed Tomography Image Analysis for User-Defined Region of Interest in Critical-Sized Bone Defects
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Longitudinal Micro-Computed Tomography Image Analysis for User-Defined Region of Interest in Critical-Sized Bone Defects

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Current concepts in the management Radial Longitudinal Deficiency.

Anil K Bhat1, A M Acharya1

  • 1Unit of Hand and Microsurgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Manipal University, India.

Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
|July 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radial longitudinal deficiency, a spectrum of upper limb hypoplasia, requires comprehensive evaluation. Management options for wrist deformities and hypoplastic thumbs are evolving, with ongoing debate on ideal treatments.

Keywords:
CentralizationDistractionPollicizationRadial longitudinal deficiencyRadializationVascularized epiphyseal transfer

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Radial longitudinal deficiency (RLD) involves upper limb hypoplasia affecting the forearm, wrist, and hand.
  • Two-thirds of RLD patients have associated medical or musculoskeletal disorders.
  • One-third exhibit features of known syndromes with systemic manifestations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and evolving management options for radial longitudinal deficiency.
  • To discuss recent developments in treating wrist deformities and hypoplastic thumbs.
  • To highlight the importance of comprehensive patient evaluation and genetic counseling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on radial longitudinal deficiency management.
  • Analysis of current surgical techniques for wrist deformities (radialization, centralization, microsurgical reconstruction).
  • Evaluation of treatment advancements for associated hypoplastic thumbs.

Main Results:

  • Traditional wrist treatments (radialization/centralization) often yield poor outcomes and high recurrence rates.
  • Alternative techniques like microsurgical reconstruction are being explored.
  • Management of hypoplastic thumbs shows encouraging progress with improved classifications and options.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive clinical, radiological, and laboratory evaluation, including genetic assessment, is crucial for RLD patients.
  • The ideal management for RLD, particularly wrist deformities, remains controversial.
  • Recent advancements offer improved outcomes for hypoplastic thumb management in RLD.