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Urine biopsy technologies: Cancer and beyond
Chun Kwan Chen1, Junchen Liao1, Man Sze Li1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Theranostics
|July 21, 2020
Summary
Urine-based liquid biopsy offers a less invasive method for disease detection, analyzing biomarkers like cancer cells and cell-free DNA (cfDNA). This approach holds promise for improved patient monitoring and personalized therapies.
Area of Science:
- Biomarker Discovery
- Minimally Invasive Diagnostics
- Urine-based Diagnostics
Background:
- Liquid biopsy, particularly blood-based, is established for solid tumors and immune diseases.
- Urine-based liquid biopsy remains underexplored despite technological advancements.
- Biomarkers like exfoliated cancer cells, cfDNA, and exosomes offer convenient monitoring.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advancements in urine-based liquid biopsy for disease detection.
- To highlight key technologies for urine sample analysis.
- To discuss implications for non-cancerous disease detection and precision therapies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on liquid biopsy technologies.
- Analysis of current research in cell and genetic biomarker detection in urine.
- Discussion of emerging technologies like microfluidics and AI.
Main Results:
- Urine biomarkers (cancer cells, cfDNA, exosomes) show potential for disease management.
- Technological progress enables broader applications beyond cancer detection.
- Microfluidics and AI are key to advancing point-of-care applications.
Conclusions:
- Urine biopsy presents significant diagnostic potential for various diseases.
- It facilitates cost-effective patient monitoring and personalized treatment selection.
- Further development can revolutionize disease management and precision therapies.
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