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Cases of Mediterranean spotted fever in southeast of Iran

Mehrdad Farrokhnia1, Zohreh Yousefi Ghalejoogh2, Mahdi Rohani3,4

  • 1Infectious and Tropical Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Microbiology
|July 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is reported for the first time in Iran. This study details five cases, highlighting tick-bite histories, clinical signs like eschars, and diagnostic methods including PCR and serology.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Tick-borne Illnesses
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is a tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia conorii.
  • Geographic distribution of MSF is typically limited to Mediterranean regions, but cases can occur elsewhere.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing MSF.

Observation:

  • Five patients from southeast Iran presented with clinical manifestations consistent with MSF.
  • Most patients reported a history of tick bites, with noticeable black eschars (tache noire).
  • Clinical signs included fever, rash, and headache.

Findings:

  • Real-time PCR and Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) were used for diagnosis.
  • Disease confirmation was based on a fourfold rise in IgG antibodies against Rickettsia conorii.
  • This study represents the first documented report of MSF cases in Iran.

Implications:

  • This finding expands the known geographic range of Mediterranean spotted fever.
  • Highlights the importance of considering MSF in febrile illnesses with tick-bite history in Iran.
  • Suggests the need for increased awareness and diagnostic capabilities for tick-borne diseases in the region.
Keywords:
Mediterranean spotted feverRickettsia conoriiTache noireTick-borne disease

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