Determining a strategy to reduce smoking in pregnancy
Jillian A Patterson1,2, Siranda Torvaldsen1,2,3, Tanya A Nippita1,2,4
1Northern Clinical School, Women and Babies Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Summary
Smoking during pregnancy in New South Wales (NSW) decreased significantly, but geographic clusters of smokers persist. Targeted interventions in areas with the highest number of smokers, rather than just high rates, show greater potential for reducing overall smoking prevalence.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Maternal Health
Background:
- Smoking during pregnancy remains a significant public health concern requiring ongoing reduction efforts.
- Data-driven strategies are essential for effective smoking cessation interventions in pregnant populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in smoking during pregnancy within New South Wales (NSW), Australia.
- To identify specific regions (Local Health Districts - LHDs) that would most benefit from targeted smoking cessation programs.
- To evaluate the potential impact of different intervention targeting strategies.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Perinatal Data Collection records for all births in NSW from 1994 to 2016.
- Calculated smoking rates by Local Health District (LHD) for births between 2012 and 2016.
- Modeled the effect of hypothetical smoking cessation interventions in selected LHDs based on smoking rates and numbers.
Main Results:
- Overall smoking during pregnancy in NSW declined from 22.1% in 1994 to 8.3% in 2016.
- Reductions in smoking rates were less pronounced in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.
- Over half of pregnant smokers between 2012-2016 resided in just four LHDs, with one LHD having the highest smoking rate (34.7%) but only 1% of total pregnant smokers.
- Simulations indicated interventions targeting LHDs with high numbers of smokers were more effective statewide than those targeting high smoking rates.
Conclusions:
- Despite overall decreases, geographic clustering of smoking during pregnancy is evident in NSW.
- Targeting interventions towards the four LHDs with the highest number of pregnant smokers offers the greatest potential for reducing statewide prevalence.
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