Glyphosate and its formulation Roundup impair pig oocyte maturation

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Toxicology
• Environmental Health
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are globally prevalent, raising concerns about environmental contamination and health impacts, particularly on reproductive systems.
• Previous research indicates potential adverse effects of GBHs on animal and human health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the in vitro effects of glyphosate and Roundup on pig oocyte maturation and developmental competence.
• To evaluate the impact on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, embryo cleavage, steroidogenesis, and oxidative stress.

Main Methods:

• An in vitro model of pig oocyte maturation was utilized.
• Oocytes were exposed to glyphosate and Roundup (glyphosate-equivalent concentrations).
• Evaluated parameters included nuclear maturation, embryo cleavage, blastocyst rate, cellularity, steroidogenic activity, glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.

Main Results:

• Exposure to glyphosate and Roundup did not affect nuclear maturation or embryo cleavage.
• Both agents impaired oocyte developmental competence, reducing blastocyst rates and cellularity.
• Roundup exhibited higher toxicity than pure glyphosate, altering steroidogenesis and increasing oocyte ROS levels.

Conclusions:

• Glyphosate-based herbicides negatively impact female gamete developmental competence.
• Roundup's adjuvants contribute to its enhanced toxicity, suggesting they are biologically active and require independent assessment.
• Environmental exposure to GBHs warrants further investigation due to potential reproductive health risks.