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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

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Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
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Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport01:17

Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport

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Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
Pore transport, also known as convective transport, is a process where small molecules like urea, water, and sugars rapidly cross cell membranes as though there were channels or pores in the membrane. Although direct microscopic evidence is limited  but the concept of pores or channels is widely accepted based on physiological evidence. Despite the lack of direct...
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Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Stability Enhancement and GI Retention01:05

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Body:Improving a drug's stability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is paramount for enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Various strategies are employed to protect the drug from the harsh gastric milieu and to ensure its release and absorption at the desired site within the GI tract.Polymer coatings are one such method used to shield drugs from the stomach's acidic environment. By preventing premature drug release, these coatings improve the bioavailability of unstable...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

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Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
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In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods01:17

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods

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Alternative drug dissolution methods include the rotating bottle, intrinsic dissolution test, peristalsis, and the Franz diffusion cell method. The rotating bottle method involves meticulously rotating tightly capped controlled-release beads in a temperature-controlled bath. Periodic decanting of samples allows for residue assay, followed by refilling with fresh medium and testing at various pH levels to emulate the gastrointestinal tract conditions.In contrast, the intrinsic dissolution test...
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Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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Ion Exchange Controlled Drug Release from Polymerized Ionic Liquids.

Johanna Claus1,2, Thomas Eickner3, Niels Grabow2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Industrial and Applied Chemistry, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3A, Rostock, 18059, Germany.

Macromolecular Bioscience
|July 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Ion functionalized hydrogels reduce drug burst release by retaining ionic molecules. This study demonstrates ion-exchange-dependent drug release, offering a new approach for drug delivery systems.

Keywords:
drug deliveryhydrogelion exchange controlled releasepolymerized ionic liquidssterilization

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Hydrogels are widely used in drug delivery.
  • Burst release is a common limitation in hydrogel-based drug delivery systems.
  • Ion functionalization offers a potential strategy to control drug release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present ion functionalized hydrogels as potent drug delivery systems.
  • To investigate the drug release profile of ion functionalized hydrogels.
  • To assess the suitability of these hydrogels for sterilization.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of ion functionalized hydrogels.
  • Incorporation of ionic drugs (Timolol maleate and ibuprofen).
  • Drug release studies and analysis of release mechanisms.
  • Sterilization method compatibility testing.

Main Results:

  • Ion functionalization effectively reduced burst release of ionic drugs.
  • Drug release followed an ion-exchange mechanism, not diffusion control.
  • The hydrogels showed suitability for standard sterilization methods.

Conclusions:

  • Ion functionalized hydrogels are effective for controlled drug delivery.
  • Ion-exchange mechanism offers an alternative to diffusion-controlled release.
  • These hydrogels are viable for pharmaceutical applications requiring sterilization.