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Compression Wrapping for Acute Closed Extremity Joint Injuries: A Systematic Review
Vere Borra1,2, David C Berry3, David Zideman4
1Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Belgian Red Cross, Mechelen, Belgium.
Journal of Athletic Training
|July 21, 2020
Summary
Prehospital compression bandages for acute closed extremity joint injuries (ACEJI) show no clear benefit for pain, swelling, or function. The evidence, limited to ankle sprains, is of very low certainty, indicating no proven advantage over no compression.
Area of Science:
- Emergency Medicine
- Sports Medicine
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Prehospital care guidelines often recommend compression for acute closed extremity joint injuries (ACEJI).
- The efficacy of compression in the prehospital management of ACEJI remains uncertain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize existing evidence on the use of compression bandages for ACEJI in prehospital settings.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of compression compared to no compression or noncompressive interventions.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase.
- Included were controlled trials of adults with ACEJI receiving prehospital compression versus no compression or noncompressive interventions.
- Data extraction focused on study design, population, intervention, outcomes, and quality.
Main Results:
- Eight studies, all focusing on acute ankle sprains, were included.
- No significant differences were found in pain reduction, swelling, joint function, or range of motion.
- Compression did not demonstrate a benefit for recovery time, and evidence certainty was low to very low.
Conclusions:
- Evidence for compression use in ACEJI is limited to closed ankle injuries.
- This review found no demonstrable benefit or harm from prehospital compression bandages compared to noncompressive methods.
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