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Role of Hydroxyapatite and Ellagic Acid in the Osteogenesis
Agung Satria Wardhana1, Intan Nirwana2, Hendrik Setia Budi3
1Department of Dental Material, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.
Objective:
Ellagic acid (EA), a phenolic antioxidant, has benefits in bone health and wound healing. The combination of EA and hydroxyapatite (HA) (EA-HA) is expected to increase osteogenesis. The aim of this study was to analyze osteogenesis after application of EA-HA according to the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the bone and the expression of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and osteocalcin (OCN) protein.
Materials And Methods:
Thirty Wistar rats were assessed with bone defects created in the left femur. The defects were filled with EA-HA and then sutured. Control groups were filled with polyethylene glycol (PEG) or HA. Each group was sacrificed either 7 or 14 days after treatment.
Results:
The defects filled with EA-HA exhibited the highest number of osteoblasts and the greatest expression of OPG and OCN at both day 7 and day 14 (p = 0.000). Conversely, treatment with EA-HA resulted in lower numbers of osteoclasts and reduced RANKL staining at both time points (p = 0.000).
Conclusions:
EA-HA can increase osteogenesis in bone defects by increasing the number of osteoblasts and the expression of OPG and OCN.
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