Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

16.9K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
16.9K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

18.5K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
18.5K
Transposons01:24

Transposons

905
Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
905
Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

8.3K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
8.3K
tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

8.1K
8.1K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

10.5K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
10.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multiline varieties and disease control : I. The "dirty crop" approach with each component carrying a unique single resistance gene.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2013
Same author

DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the wheat stem rust fungus, Pucinia graminis tritici.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2013
Same author

Tobacco nuclear DNA contains long tracts of homology to chloroplast DNA.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2013
Same author

High-resolution mapping and mutation analysis separate the rust resistance genes Sr31, Lr26 and Yr9 on the short arm of rye chromosome 1.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2005
Same author

Development of PCR markers for the selection of wheat stem rust resistance genes Sr24 and Sr26 in diverse wheat germplasm.

TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik·2005
Same author

Resistance genes for rye stem rust (SrR) and barley powdery mildew (Mla) are located in syntenic regions on short arm of chromosome.

Genome·2004
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
10:28

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

24.5K

Transposon-based activation tagging in cereals.

M A Ayliffe1, A J Pryor1

  • 1CSIRO Plant Industry, Box 1600, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

Functional Plant Biology : FPB
|July 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel activation tagging system for barley, wheat, and maize using a maize transposable element. This system facilitates gene function analysis through induced mutations and altered gene expression, advancing plant genomics research.

More Related Videos

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector
12:08

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector

Published on: March 28, 2018

13.1K
Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits
09:43

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits

Published on: January 3, 2025

3.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
10:28

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

24.5K
Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector
12:08

Generating Transgenic Plants with Single-copy Insertions Using BIBAC-GW Binary Vector

Published on: March 28, 2018

13.1K
Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits
09:43

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits

Published on: January 3, 2025

3.0K

Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics and genomics
  • Molecular biology
  • Agricultural science

Background:

  • Advances in DNA sequencing yield numerous genomes with many genes of unknown function.
  • Functional gene analysis is crucial for understanding biological processes and crop improvement.
  • Activation tagging is a powerful mutagenesis technique for discovering gene function via altered expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel activation tagging system in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).
  • To utilize a maize (Zea mays L.) transposable element for versatile gene manipulation.
  • To enable functional gene analysis in major cereal crops.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an activation tagging system using a maize transposable element with strong cereal promoters.
  • Introduction of the transposable element into barley, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and maize genomes.
  • Analysis of insertion events leading to gene inactivation, overexpression, and gene silencing via antisense transcripts.

Main Results:

  • Successful establishment of the activation tagging system in barley.
  • Demonstration of transposon mobility and integration in wheat and maize.
  • Identification of multiple mechanisms for gene function alteration: insertional inactivation, overexpression, and antisense-mediated silencing.

Conclusions:

  • The developed activation tagging system is a versatile tool for functional genomics in cereals.
  • This system aids in elucidating gene functions and developing improved crop varieties.
  • The transposable element's broad applicability across barley, wheat, and maize enhances its utility in plant research.