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Inorganic carbon acquisition and its energization in eustigmatophyte algae.

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Primitive algae utilize inorganic carbon (Ci) through active transport, with some species preferring bicarbonate and others carbon dioxide. Mitochondrial activity supports this carbon fixation in these early eukaryotes.

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Area of Science:

  • * Eukaryotic cell biology
  • * Algal physiology
  • * Photosynthetic carbon assimilation

Background:

  • * Eustigmatophyceans are basal ochrophytes, primarily photoautotrophic algae.
  • * They inhabit diverse environments, including freshwater, soil, and marine ecosystems.
  • * Understanding their inorganic carbon (Ci) uptake is key to their ecological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * Investigate inorganic carbon (Ci) uptake mechanisms in representative eustigmatophyceans.
  • * Determine the role of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and active transport in Ci acquisition.
  • * Elucidate the dependence of carbon fixation on mitochondrial activity.

Main Methods:

  • * Mass spectrometry was employed to analyze Ci uptake characteristics.
  • * Experiments involved freshwater (Monodus subterraneus, Vischeria stellata) and marine (Nannochloropsis gaditana) species.
  • * Inhibitors and anoxia were used to probe transport dependencies.

Main Results:

  • * All studied species exhibited a CO2 concentrating mechanism but lacked external CA.
  • * Ci acquisition relied on active transport of bicarbonate (HCO3-), CO2, or both.
  • * Nannochloropsis gaditana exclusively used HCO3-, even in the dark, while Monodus subterraneus used CO2, and Vischeria stellata used both.

Conclusions:

  • * Eustigmatophyceans employ diverse active transport strategies for Ci uptake.
  • * Intracellular CA is crucial for converting transported HCO3- to CO2 for fixation.
  • * Mitochondrial respiration significantly supports photosynthetic CO2 fixation in these primitive algae.