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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

1.0K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

144
In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
144
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

147
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
147
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

104
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
104
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

767
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
767
Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications01:28

Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications

447
Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...
447

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Updated: Dec 14, 2025

An Acupoint Catgut-embedding Therapy for Treating Obesity
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An Acupoint Catgut-embedding Therapy for Treating Obesity

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Obesity therapy.

Stephan C Bischoff1, Anna Schweinlin1

  • 1University of Hohenheim, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Stuttgart, Germany.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|July 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity management requires a comprehensive, evidence-based approach. Multimodal strategies, including lifestyle changes and potentially surgery, are key to sustained weight loss and improved health outcomes.

Keywords:
Bariatric surgeryMultidisciplinary treatmentObesityObesity therapyWeight maintenance

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obesity is a chronic, systemic disease characterized by excessive fat mass, increasing health risks.
  • A Body Mass Index (BMI) over 30 kg/m2 typically signifies obesity.
  • Effective obesity management necessitates a structured, multidisciplinary approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline evidence-based, multimodal treatment strategies for obesity.
  • To emphasize the goals of obesity therapy, including weight reduction and improved quality of life.
  • To define the role of various interventions, from lifestyle changes to pharmacotherapy and surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Non-surgical lifestyle therapy (nutrition, exercise, behavior change) forms the 'basic therapy'.
  • Formula diets can be used as initial therapy for significant weight loss goals (>10%).
  • Pharmacotherapy can support or impede weight management; bariatric surgery is considered when non-surgical methods fail.

Main Results:

  • Multimodal non-surgical therapy is the most effective, achieving 15-25% relative weight loss.
  • Sustained weight maintenance requires lifelong strategies beyond initial treatment.
  • A well-trained team, clear structure, and cost coverage are crucial for successful therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity treatment should prioritize non-surgical, multimodal interventions.
  • Bariatric surgery serves as an option when conservative measures are insufficient.
  • Long-term weight stabilization depends on continuous management and lifestyle adaptation.