Early Allograft Dysfunction Following Liver Transplant: Impact of Obesity, Diabetes, and Red Blood Cell Transfusion

We examined the role of obesity and intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) and platelet transfusion in early allograft dysfunction (EAD) following liver transplantation (LT).

This is a retrospective analysis of 239 adult deceased-donor LT recipients over a 10-year period. EAD was defined by Olthoff's criteria. Data collection included donor (D) and recipient (R) age, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m², diabetes mellitus, allograft macrosteatosis, and intraoperative (RBC) and platelet administration. We employed logistic regression to evaluate associations of these factors with EAD. Results are presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with corresponding P values. A P ≤ .05 was considered statistically significant.

EAD occurred in 85 recipients (36%). Macrosteatosis data were available for 199 donors. In the multivariate analyses, BMI-D ≥ 35 kg/m² increased the odds of developing EAD by 156% in the entire cohort (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.09-6.01) and by 187% in recipients with macrosteatosis data (n = 199, OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.15-7.15). Each unit of RBCs increased the odds for EAD by 8% (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.14) and, for the subgroup of 238 recipients with macrosteatosis data, by 9% (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.16).

We found a significant independent association of donor obesity and intraoperative RBC transfusion with EAD but no such association for platelet administration, MELD score, age, recipient obesity, and diabetes.