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Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease: from basic mechanisms to clinical perspectives

Masataka Nishiga1,2, Dao Wen Wang3, Yaling Han4

  • 1Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA. mnishiga@stanford.edu.

Nature Reviews. Cardiology
|July 22, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) impacts the cardiovascular system, increasing risks for patients with pre-existing heart conditions. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing effective COVID-19 treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a global pandemic.
  • SARS-CoV-2 shares biological similarities with SARS-CoV, including cell entry mechanisms involving the spike protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2.
  • COVID-19 is associated with cardiovascular disease, impacting patient outcomes and potentially inducing cardiac injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of COVID-19, focusing on its interaction with the cardiovascular system.
  • To explore the biological mechanisms and clinical perspectives of COVID-19's cardiovascular effects.
  • To identify potential drug-disease interactions in patients with comorbid cardiovascular conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current research on COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of biological features of SARS-CoV-2 and their relation to cardiovascular impact.
  • Examination of clinical findings and patient outcomes related to COVID-19 and cardiovascular comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 can exacerbate pre-existing cardiovascular conditions, leading to worse outcomes and increased mortality.
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection can directly induce myocardial injury, arrhythmias, acute coronary syndromes, and venous thromboembolism.
  • Drug-disease interactions pose a significant concern for patients with both COVID-19 and cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating knowledge of viral biology and clinical data is essential for understanding COVID-19's cardiovascular effects.
  • Further research into these interactions will aid in developing preventative and therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular conditions.

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