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An in vivo Assay to Test Blood Vessel Permeability
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Endothelial Permeability Assays In Vitro.

Mir S Adil1, Payaningal R Somanath2

  • 1Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Assessing drug permeability requires reliable in vitro models. Transwell® and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) assays offer efficient methods to study endothelial barrier function, crucial for disease research.

Keywords:
Cell barrierEndothelial cellsIn vitro permeabilityTranswell® assay

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The endothelium forms a semipermeable barrier crucial for tissue fluid homeostasis.
  • Vascular permeability can be physiological (transient, during healing) or pathological (persistent, in diseases like atherosclerosis and diabetic retinopathy).
  • In vivo animal models for permeability assessment present ethical concerns and are unsuitable for high-throughput screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the increasing reliance on in vitro studies for drug permeability assessment.
  • To emphasize the need for in vitro models that mimic in vivo microvascular endothelium.
  • To identify methods for measuring and predicting endothelial permeability for disease research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established in vitro assays for assessing endothelial permeability.
  • Discussion of Transwell® assays for solute permeability (e.g., albumin, dextrans).
  • Description of electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) for measuring endothelial barrier function based on electrical resistance.

Main Results:

  • Transwell® and ECIS assays are widely used for evaluating trans-endothelial permeability.
  • These in vitro models offer advantages in ease of use and avoidance of animal testing.
  • They are vital for understanding mechanisms in vascular permeability disorders.

Conclusions:

  • In vitro models are essential for studying vascular permeability and developing treatments.
  • Transwell® and ECIS assays provide valuable, reproducible methods for endothelial barrier research.
  • These assays facilitate high-throughput screening and mechanistic studies without ethical concerns associated with animal models.