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HIV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfection: A global perspective
Osman N Kanwugu1, Parise Adadi2
1Department of Technology for Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
Journal of Medical Virology
|July 22, 2020
Summary
This review examines coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It explores whether HIV increases COVID-19 risk or severity, considering potential protective effects of antiretroviral therapy.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Public Health
Background:
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a global pandemic.
- Medical comorbidities are known risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
- The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on COVID-19 risk and severity is uncertain, with conflicting reports on potential protective effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) or HIV-related immunosuppression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people living with HIV (PLWH).
- To synthesize current evidence on the risk and outcomes of COVID-19 among PLWH.
- To address the controversy regarding potential protection conferred by HIV or its treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of published studies and case reports on SARS-CoV-2 infection in PLWH.
- Synthesis of data on coinfection rates, clinical presentations, and outcomes.
- Analysis of factors potentially influencing disease severity, including ART and immune status.
Main Results:
- Multiple cases of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV coinfection have been documented globally.
- Evidence regarding increased risk or severity of COVID-19 in PLWH is still emerging and debated.
- The role of ART and HIV-induced immunosuppression in modulating COVID-19 outcomes requires further investigation.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV is crucial for clinical management and public health strategies.
- Further research is needed to clarify the specific risks and benefits for PLWH during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- This review highlights the importance of continued monitoring and research in this vulnerable population.
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