Neoantigen-Specific Adoptive Cell Therapies for Cancer: Making T-Cell Products More Personal

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Oncology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Mutation-derived neoantigens are crucial for effective antitumor immune responses in adoptive T-cell therapies.
• Patient-specific mutations necessitate personalized therapeutic strategies.
• Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy shows promise, driving interest in enhanced T-cell products.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review technologies for enriching T-cells for neoantigen or tumor reactivity.
• To discuss challenges in developing personalized T-cell manufacturing platforms.

Main Methods:

• Overview of key technologies: peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) multimers, cytokine capture, and activation markers.
• Focus on isolating T-cells based on predefined neoantigen specificities or tumor reactivity.

Main Results:

• These technologies aim to enrich T-cells for specific antitumor responses.
• Isolation prior to *in vitro* expansion and reinfusion may improve adoptive T-cell therapy outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Enriching T-cells for neoantigen specificity is a potential strategy to improve adoptive T-cell therapy efficacy.
• Technical and regulatory hurdles exist for these patient-specific manufacturing platforms.